TERMIUM Plus®
The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.
STADE NEIGE [6 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2008-09-25
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- faceting
1, record 1, English, faceting
correct, see observation, generic
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
- kinetic growth 2, record 1, English, kinetic%20growth
correct, see observation, generic
- temperature gradient metamorphism 3, record 1, English, temperature%20gradient%20metamorphism
correct, see observation, obsolete, generic
- high temperature gradient metamorphism 4, record 1, English, high%20temperature%20gradient%20metamorphism
correct, see observation
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Depth hoar is the result of high temperature gradient metamorphism (Marbouty, 1980) and consists of large faceted crystals, with at least some of them cup-shaped and hollow. The density of this type was always <0.25. Faceted crystals are produced by metamorphism of lower temperature gradient, and usually form in snow with density >0.25, that is too high to allow depth hoar formation. 4, record 1, English, - faceting
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Faceting is a metamorphic process occurring in a dry snowpack with a strong temperature gradient where takes place development of facets and eventually formation of depth hoar under higher temperature gradient. 5, record 1, English, - faceting
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 2 OBS
In French, the authors use the term "métamorphose de gradient moyen" when they refer to the metamorphic process leading to the formation of facets and they use the term "métamorphose de fort gradient" when the facets, under higher temperature gradient, develop into depth hoars. 5, record 1, English, - faceting
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 3 OBS
Temperature gradient metamorphism (TG): An older term [still in use] to describe the faceting or squaring process driven by strong temperature gradients. Currently the terms kinetic growth or faceting are preferred. 1, record 1, English, - faceting
Record 1, Key term(s)
- facetting
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- métamorphose de fort gradient
1, record 1, French, m%C3%A9tamorphose%20de%20fort%20gradient
correct, feminine noun, specific
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Métamorphose de neige sèche commandée par un gradient fort (G>0,2 °C/cm) [et qui] est responsable de la formation de gobelets. 1, record 1, French, - m%C3%A9tamorphose%20de%20fort%20gradient
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La métamorphose de fort gradient(G>20 °C/m). Dans ce cas, la différence de température entre les grains suivant la verticale est très marquée, et les flux de vapeur sont plus intenses. Le premier stade de transformation se caractérise par l'apparition rapide de grains à faces planes accompagnée d’un tassement notable pour ce qui concerne la neige récente [...] Dans sa forme finale, le grain prend généralement une forme pyramidale striée très caractéristique, communément appelée «gobelet» ou givre de profondeur [...] 1, record 1, French, - m%C3%A9tamorphose%20de%20fort%20gradient
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Les métamorphoses de la neige sèche. [...] Pendant ou après une chute de neige, le vent casse les parties fragiles des cristaux. Il transforme donc les cristaux de neige fraîche en particules reconnaissables, voire en grains fins. [...] Le devenir des particules reconnaissables va dépendre de la valeur du gradient de température de la couche concernée : - par faible gradient, elles vont se transformer en grains fins; - par moyen gradient, elles vont se transformer en grains à faces planes; - par fort gradient, elles se transformeront en grains à faces planes (passage intermédiaire obligé) puis en gobelets. Ces transformations sont irréversibles : il n’y a pas de retour en arrière possible. 2, record 1, French, - m%C3%A9tamorphose%20de%20fort%20gradient
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2008-09-25
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric, Climatic and Meteorological Phenomena
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- snow metamorphism
1, record 2, English, snow%20metamorphism
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
- metamorphism 2, record 2, English, metamorphism
correct
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The change in the structure and texture of snow grains which result from variations in temperature, migration of liquid water and water vapor, and pressure within the snow cover. 2, record 2, English, - snow%20metamorphism
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Metamorphism is a term borrowed from the geological sciences. In snow hydrology it refers to changes in snow texture caused by pressure and temperature conditions. The temperature of the layer determines the rate of metamorphism, and the temperature gradient across the layer largely determines the type of metamorphism. ... In a dry, seasonal snowpack, it is convenient to distinguish two types of metamorphism ... temperature-gradient metamorphism [and] equitemperature metamorphism. A third type of metamorphism takes place when snowpack temperatures reach 0°C and surface snow layers undergo frequent melt-freeze cycles. [It is] a process called ... melt-freeze metamorphism. 3, record 2, English, - snow%20metamorphism
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
There are two types of snow metamorphism : dry snow metamorphism (e.g. rounding and faceting) and wet snow metamorphism (or melt-freeze metamorphism). 4, record 2, English, - snow%20metamorphism
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Phénomènes météorologiques, climatiques et atmosphériques
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- métamorphose
1, record 2, French, m%C3%A9tamorphose
correct, feminine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
- métamorphose de la neige 2, record 2, French, m%C3%A9tamorphose%20de%20la%20neige
correct, feminine noun
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
[...] nous distinguerons deux types de métamorphoses : les métamorphoses de la neige sèche et les métamorphoses de la neige humide. 1, record 2, French, - m%C3%A9tamorphose
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Les métamorphoses de la neige sèche. La neige sèche est la neige qui ne contient pas d’eau sous forme liquide. Elle englobe [la métamorphose] - par faible gradient, [les particules reconnaissables] vont se transformer en grains fins; - par moyen gradient, [les particules reconnaissables] vont se transformer en grains à faces planes; - par fort gradient, [les particules reconnaissables] se transformeront en grains à faces planes (passage intermédiaire obligé) puis en gobelets. 2, record 2, French, - m%C3%A9tamorphose
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS
La métamorphose de la neige humide. Le facteur qui intervient dans ce cas est unique : l'eau sous forme liquide. Le résultat de ce type de métamorphose aussi : le grain rond. [...] Le grain rond est donc le dernier stade d’évolution de la neige, avant sa disparition par fonte. 2, record 2, French, - m%C3%A9tamorphose
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record 3 - internal organization data 2004-07-28
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric Physics
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- mature stage
1, record 3, English, mature%20stage
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The middle and most intense phase in the life cycle of a thunderstorm cell; begins when precipitation reaches Earth's surface and is characterized by both updrafts and downdrafts. 2, record 3, English, - mature%20stage
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The life cycle of a thunderstorm cell can be divided into three stages which are determined by the magnitude and direction of the predominating vertical motions within the cell. These stages include (1) the cumulus stage, (2) the mature stage, and (3) the dissipation stage. ... The mature stage is characterized by the existence of both updrafts and downdrafts in the lower half of the cell. The start of this stage is marked when the rain first falls distinctly out of the bottom of the cloud. It is during this stage that the most intense lightning occurs, the heaviest rains are recorded at the surface, and the strongest winds are observed. If present, hail will occur during this stage. 3, record 3, English, - mature%20stage
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Physique de l'atmosphère
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- stade adulte
1, record 3, French, stade%20adulte
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
- stade de maturité 2, record 3, French, stade%20de%20maturit%C3%A9
correct, masculine noun
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Le stade de maturité commence lorsque les précipitations commencent à tomber de la base du nuage. [...] Ce stade de maturité constitue la période d’orage; il dure de quinze à vingt minutes. On y observe des éclairs soit au sein même du nuage(horizontaux, dits «crawler») soit dirigés vers le sol(éclairs Cloud-Ground ou CG) accompagnés de tonnerre et d’averses(de pluie, de neige ou de grêle en fonction des circonstances). Les températures sont plus basses dans les courants descendants en comparaison avec l'air environnant et contrastent spécialement avec les températures dans les courants ascendants [...] 3, record 3, French, - stade%20adulte
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 2 CONT
Un orage est composé de différentes cellules qui se trouvent à un stade de développement différent. Le cycle de vie d’une des cellules comporte trois stades : cumulus (ou naissance), adulte et dissipation. [...] Le stade adulte est [...] caractérisé par la présence simultanée de courants ascendants, de courants descendants et de pluie. 1, record 3, French, - stade%20adulte
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record 4 - internal organization data 2004-05-13
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric Physics
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- dissipation stage
1, record 4, English, dissipation%20stage
correct
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
Record 4, Synonyms, English
- dissipating stage 2, record 4, English, dissipating%20stage
correct
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF
The final phase in the life cycle of a thunderstorm cell; features downdrafts throughout the system and vaporization of clouds. 2, record 4, English, - dissipation%20stage
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The life cycle of a thunderstorm cell can be divided into three stages which are determined by the magnitude and direction of the predominating vertical motions within the cell. These stages include (1) the cumulus stage, (2) the mature stage, and (3) the dissipation stage. ... The dissipating stage is characterized by weak downdrafts throughout the cell. In this stage there are no longer the updraft currents which provided the condensing water (precipitation) in the previous stage. When complete dissipation has occurred, only stratified clouds will remain. 1, record 4, English, - dissipation%20stage
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Physique de l'atmosphère
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- stade de dissipation
1, record 4, French, stade%20de%20dissipation
correct, masculine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Le stade de dissipation [est] caractérisé par des mouvements descendants. [...] Le stade de dissipation commence dès que les courants ascendants disparaissent et que les courants descendants ont envahi l'ensemble de la cellule. Le nuage commence à se dissiper. La dissipation totale ou la stratification intervient dès que la pluie(ou la neige) et les courants descendants cessent. Le sommet du nuage prend la forme caractéristique d’une enclume(cb incus) qui peut s’étendre horizontalement sur plusieurs kilomètres. Dès le début de ce stade, qui dure environ 30 minutes, les risques d’orage disparaissent. Lorsque les mouvements descendants cessent, les températures à l'intérieur de la cellule deviennent égales à celles de l'air environnant à même altitude. 2, record 4, French, - stade%20de%20dissipation
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Un orage est composé de différentes cellules qui se trouvent à un stade de développement différent. Le cycle de vie d’une des cellules comporte trois stades : cumulus (ou naissance), adulte et dissipation. 3, record 4, French, - stade%20de%20dissipation
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - internal organization data 2004-02-13
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Climatology
- Polar Geography
- Glaciology
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- starting phase
1, record 5, English, starting%20phase
see observation
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
Record 5, Synonyms, English
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS
starting phase: This term was taken from a French language source. The results of our research seems to indicate that it is not being used in English in the field of snow avalanches studies. 2, record 5, English, - starting%20phase
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Climatologie
- Géographie du froid
- Glaciologie
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- phase de départ
1, record 5, French, phase%20de%20d%C3%A9part
correct, feminine noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
Record 5, Synonyms, French
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Stade durant lequel la neige [d’une avalanche] se met en mouvement dans la zone d’accumulation. 1, record 5, French, - phase%20de%20d%C3%A9part
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
Record 6 - internal organization data 2002-07-11
Record 6, English
Record 6, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric Physics
Record 6, Main entry term, English
- snow stage
1, record 6, English, snow%20stage
correct
Record 6, Abbreviations, English
Record 6, Synonyms, English
Record 6, Textual support, English
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Phase of an adiabatic expansion process during which the ascending saturated air condenses some of its water vapour directly into snow. 2, record 6, English, - snow%20stage
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS
The snow stage begins at the condensation level if it is situated above the freezing level. 2, record 6, English, - snow%20stage
Record 6, French
Record 6, Domaine(s)
- Physique de l'atmosphère
Record 6, Main entry term, French
- stade neige
1, record 6, French, stade%20neige
correct, masculine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, French
Record 6, Synonyms, French
Record 6, Textual support, French
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Phase d’un processus de détente adiabatique au cours de laquelle l’air ascendant saturé condense une partie de sa vapeur d’eau directement en neige. 2, record 6, French, - stade%20neige
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Le stade neige commence au niveau de condensation s’il est plus élevé que le niveau de congélation. 2, record 6, French, - stade%20neige
Record 6, Spanish
Record 6, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Física de la atmósfera
Record 6, Main entry term, Spanish
- fase de la nieve
1, record 6, Spanish, fase%20de%20la%20nieve
feminine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 6, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 6, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Fase de un proceso de expansión adiabática en la que el aire saturado ascendente condensa parte de su contenido de vapor de agua directamente en forma de nieve. 1, record 6, Spanish, - fase%20de%20la%20nieve
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS
La fase de la nieve comienza en el nivel de condensación si éste se encuentra por encima del nivel de congelación. 1, record 6, Spanish, - fase%20de%20la%20nieve
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