TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Meteorologists describe the horizontal movement of cold and warm air by the wind as temperature advection... Specifically, cold-air advection... describes the horizontal transport of cold air by the wind... cold-air advection causes local temperatures to decrease with time, and [it is] the primary cause of temperature decreases behind cold frontal passages.  3, record 1, English, - cold%20air%20advection

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Meteorologists describe the horizontal movement of cold and warm air by the wind as temperature advection... Specifically,... warm-air advection... represents the horizontal transport of warm air by the wind. Acting alone, warm-air advection causes local temperatures to increase with time, and is the primary cause of temperature increases associated with warm frontal passages.  3, record 2, English, - warm%20air%20advection

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A backing wind is a wind that turns counter-clockwise with height. An example of a backing wind would be a north wind at the surface with a west wind at 700 millibars. A backing wind is associated with cold air advection and dynamic sinking. Winds back behind cold fronts.  2, record 3, English, - backing%20wind

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Vent tournant en sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre, par exemple du sud-ouest au sud-est en passant par le sud.  2, record 3, French, - vent%20l%C3%A9vogyre

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cambio de la dirección del viento en el sentido contrario a las agujas del reloj en cualquiera de los hemisferios.  3, record 3, Spanish, - viento%20con%20giro%20antihorario

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A veering wind is a wind that turns clockwise with height. An example of a veering wind would be a southeast wind at the surface and a west wind at 700 millibars. The wind turns in the same direction as a clock from the surface to 700 millibars. A veering wind is associated with warm air advection and dynamic lifting... The magnitude of warm air advection is a function of wind speed and the pre-existing thermal gradient. Weak winds will result in weak advection. Winds often veer ahead of cold fronts(in the warm sector of a mid-latitude cyclone).  2, record 4, English, - veering%20wind

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Vent tournant dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre, par exemple du sud-est au sud-ouest en passant par le sud.  2, record 4, French, - vent%20dextrogyre

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Cambio de la dirección del viento en el sentido de las agujas del reloj en cualquiera de los dos hemisferios.  1, record 4, Spanish, - viento%20con%20giro%20horario

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The cold pool was finally destroyed when cold air advection aloft destabilized the basin atmosphere, the stratus began to break, sunlight penetrated into the basin, and convection destroyed the cold pool from below.  2, record 5, English, - cold%20air%20advection%20aloft

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il est reconnu que les conditions les plus propices pour le vol à voile sont après le passage d'un front froid en présence d'un ciel de traîne. Il se produit alors une advection d'air froid en altitude qui a pour conséquence de refroidir la couche à 850 hPa [hectopascals] tandis que le sol reste relativement chaud.  2, record 5, French, - advection%20d%27air%20froid%20en%20altitude

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A temperature inversion that arises when the surface cools the lowest air.  3, record 6, English, - advection%20inversion

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[An advection inversion can occur, for example, when] warm air blows over a cold ocean, or an onshore wind in Antarctica passes over ice colder than the sea.  4, record 6, English, - advection%20inversion

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Inversion de température qui se produit lorsque la surface refroidit la couche inférieure de l'air.  2, record 6, French, - inversion%20d%27advection

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[L'inversion d'advection] est plus marquée la nuit quand elle se combine à l'effet nocturne.  1, record 6, French, - inversion%20d%27advection

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Put more simply, omega is determined by the amount of spin(or large scale rotation) and warm(or cold) advection present in the atmosphere. On a weather forecast chart, high values of omega(or a strong omega field) relate to upward vertical motion(UVV) in the atmosphere.  1, record 7, English, - strong%20omega%20field

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In the advection model, cold seawater was probably drawn down rapidly, particularly in highly permeable areas, and Mg lost through reaction with wall rocks.  1, record 8, English, - advection%20model

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans le modèle d'advection, l'eau de mer froide est probablement entraînée rapidement en profondeur, surtout dans les zones très perméables, et le Mg s'échappe du fluide par réaction avec les roches encaissantes.  1, record 8, French, - mod%C3%A8le%20d%27advection

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Situated, taking place, or formed beneath the ocean or the bottom of the ocean.  1, record 9, English, - suboceanic

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The abundance of Mg-chlorite may be related either to the rate of advection of cold seawater into the area of the sub-seafloor hydrothermal fluid conduit, or to the hydrothermal fluid.  2, record 9, English, - suboceanic

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Quand la matière sous-océanique rencontre une croûte continentale, si celle-ci est rigide et épaisse, comme au Brésil, elle ne la déforme pas; mais si cette croûte est souple [...], elle y provoque compressions, plissements et granitisations.  1, record 9, French, - sous%2Doc%C3%A9anique

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 CONT

L'abondance de chlorite magnésienne peut être liée au taux d'advection d'eau de mer froide dans le secteur du conduit subocéanique des fluides hydrothermaux ou à la concentration de Mg de ces fluides.  2, record 9, French, - sous%2Doc%C3%A9anique

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The abundance of Mg-chlorite may be related either to the rate of advection of cold seawater into the area of the sub-seafloor hydrothermal fluid conduit, or to the hydrothermal fluid.  1, record 10, English, - rate%20of%20advection

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'abondance de chlorite magnésienne peut être liée au taux d'advection d'eau de mer froide dans le secteur du conduit subocéanique des fluides hydrothermaux ou à la concentration de Mg de ces fluides.  1, record 10, French, - taux%20d%27advection

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An equation for the local change of pressure at any point in the atmosphere, derived by combining the equation of continuity with an integrated form of the hydrostatic equation ...  3, record 11, English, - pressure%20tendency%20equation

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The pressure tendency equation... illustrates surface pressure change as a function of the vertically integrated density(temperature) advection. Thus the stronger the lower tropospheric cold air advection, the greater the surface pressure rises.  1, record 11, English, - pressure%20tendency%20equation

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[This] equation ... is used most often to estimate the integrated vertical motion, given the pressure tendency and the advection.  3, record 11, English, - pressure%20tendency%20equation

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Équation déterminant la variation locale de la pression en un point quelconque de l'atmosphère, obtenue en combinant l'équation de continuité et une forme intégrée de l'équation hydrostatique [...]  1, record 11, French, - %C3%A9quation%20de%20tendance%20de%20la%20pression

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] on l'utilise le plus souvent pour estimer le mouvement vertical intégré, étant donné la tendance de la pression et l'advection.  1, record 11, French, - %C3%A9quation%20de%20tendance%20de%20la%20pression

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Ecuación que expresa la variación local de la presión en un punto cualquiera de la atmósfera obtenida combinando la ecuación de continuidad con una forma integrada de la ecuación hidrostática [...]  1, record 11, Spanish, - ecuaci%C3%B3n%20de%20tendencia%20de%20la%20presi%C3%B3n

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[...] se utiliza en general para estimar el movimiento vertical integrado, teniendo en cuenta la tendencia de la presión y la advección.  1, record 11, Spanish, - ecuaci%C3%B3n%20de%20tendencia%20de%20la%20presi%C3%B3n

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fog formed when water vapor is added to air which is much colder than the vapor’s source; most commonly, when very cold air drifts across relatively warm water.  6, record 12, English, - steam%20fog

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Steam fog [is] a type of advection fog that is produced by evaporation when cool air passes over a warm wet surface and the fog rises, giving the appearance of steam.  7, record 12, English, - steam%20fog

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Fogs formed by evaporation [evaporation fogs] - when saturation of air in contact with the ground occurs by addition of water vapor. Two types, steam fog and frontal fog.  8, record 12, English, - steam%20fog

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 3 CONT

Evaporation fog occurs when you get cold air advection over warm water or warm, moist land surfaces resulting in fog formation as water evaporates into the cold air. This type of fog is sometimes called steam fog or sea smoke.  9, record 12, English, - steam%20fog

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

steam fog: Also called sea smoke when it occurs over the ocean [a body of saltwater]. An example is Arctic Sea Smoke.  7, record 12, English, - steam%20fog

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

According to some authors: "steam fog" is also called sea smoke (arctic sea smoke, antarctic sea smoke), frost smoke, water smoke, sea mist, steam mist.  10, record 12, English, - steam%20fog

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 3 OBS

Steam fog is commonly observed over lakes and streams on cold autumn mornings, as well as in polar regions.  5, record 12, English, - steam%20fog

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 4 OBS

frost smoke: Same as steam fog. ... [Frost smoke has also another meaning:] Steam fog ... is sometimes confused with "ice fog" but its particles are entirely liquid. At temperatures below -29°C (minus 20°F), these may freeze into droxtals and create a type of ice fog that may be known as "frost smoke".  5, record 12, English, - steam%20fog

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 5 OBS

Note, also, that although advection of air is necessary to produce steam fog, it differs greatly from an advection fog in the usual sense, which is caused by warm, moist air moving over a cold surface.  5, record 12, English, - steam%20fog

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Brouillard dans lequel la saturation est amenée dans une masse d'air froide et stable, par évaporation rapide à la surface de l'eau chaude sous-jacente.  3, record 12, French, - brouillard%20d%27%C3%A9vaporation

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Ce brouillard d'évaporation se forme fréquemment au-dessus de chenaux (ou de clairières) de formation récente, ou sous le vent de la lisière des glaces et peut persister lorsque se forment la bouillie neigeuse ou la jeune glace.  3, record 12, French, - brouillard%20d%27%C3%A9vaporation

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Parmi les brouillards dont l'origine est essentiellement un enrichissement de l'air en vapeur d'eau, on identifie en particulier les brouillards d'évaporation associés à l'évaporation d'une surface chaude et humide (mer, lac, marais) dans de l'air plus froid.  4, record 12, French, - brouillard%20d%27%C3%A9vaporation

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Les deux notions désignées par les termes anglais «frost smoke» et «steam fog» sont interreliées très étroitement. Nous n'avons pas été en mesure d'établir de distinctions parfaitement nettes entre elles, et entre leur pléiade de synonymes, les différents auteurs se contredisant. Nous avons retenu les distinctions établies par la source PROME (Standard Dictionary of Meteorological Sciences : English-French/French-English, par Gérard-J. Proulx).  5, record 12, French, - brouillard%20d%27%C3%A9vaporation

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Les marins donnent le même sens aux mots «brume» et «brouillard» et ils emploient surtout le premier mot.  6, record 12, French, - brouillard%20d%27%C3%A9vaporation

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Niebla producida en una masa de aire estable y fría por evaporación rápida desde una superficie subyacente de agua cálida.  2, record 12, Spanish, - niebla%20de%20evaporaci%C3%B3n

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Evaporation (steam) fog produced above a surface of open water within Arctic ice when the air is stable and relatively cold.  4, record 13, English, - arctic%20sea%20smoke

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Arctic sea smoke [is] a type of advection fog that forms primarily over water when cold air passes across warmer waters.  5, record 13, English, - arctic%20sea%20smoke

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Steam fog is commonly observed over lakes and streams on cold autumn mornings as well as in polar regions.  6, record 13, English, - arctic%20sea%20smoke

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

sea smoke: Evaporation fog produced above a surface of open water when the air is stable and relatively cold (for example, air which has moved over stretches of ice).  6, record 13, English, - arctic%20sea%20smoke

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 3 OBS

According to some authors "arctic sea smoke" is also called "evaporation fog", "frost smoke", "steam fog", "sea fog". In fact, "arctic sea smoke" is a type of "evaporation fog" or "frost smoke" or "steam fog" or "sea smoke". When "sea smoke" is specifically applied to steam fog rising from small areas of open water within sea ice in the Arctic region, it is called an "arctic sea smoke".  7, record 13, English, - arctic%20sea%20smoke

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Brouillard d'évaporation [se formant au-dessus des régions arctiques et] dans lequel la masse d'air s'est fortement refroidie et stabilisée, par exemple sur des étendues de glaces, avant de surmonter la mer.  2, record 13, French, - fum%C3%A9e%20de%20mer%20arctique

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Selon les sources, «fumée de mer arctique» se nomme aussi «brouillard d'évaporation». En fait, c'est un type de «brouillard d'évaporation».  3, record 13, French, - fum%C3%A9e%20de%20mer%20arctique

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

fumée de mer : Brouillard d'évaporation qui se forme sur une surface d'eau libre dans de l'air stable et relativement froid (p. ex. air ayant circulé sur des étendues de glace).  4, record 13, French, - fum%C3%A9e%20de%20mer%20arctique

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

mar humeante: Niebla de evaporación que se forma sobre una superficie de agua libre en el aire estable y relativamente frío (por ejemplo, aire que ha circulado sobre extensiones de hielo).  1, record 13, Spanish, - mar%20humeante%20%C3%A1rtico

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Frost caused by nocturnal radiational cooling of the Earth’s surface, usually under conditions of clear skies and little or no wind.  3, record 14, English, - radiation%20frost

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Radiation frost occurs on clear nights with little or no wind when the outgoing radiation is excessive and the air temperature is not necessarily at the freezing point.  4, record 14, English, - radiation%20frost

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 CONT

An advection freeze occurs when cooling by advection predominates, and a radiation freeze occurs when radiational heat loss is the predominant form of cooling. Radiation freezes occur mostly on clear, calm nights after cold air has moved into the region. The primary mechanism is loss of heat into space during the night.... During radiation freezes, layers of cold air are formed with the coldest air normally found near the radiating surface.  2, record 14, English, - radiation%20frost

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Surface temperatures must fall to 0°C or below.  3, record 14, English, - radiation%20frost

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Gelée produite lorsque le refroidissement par rayonnement baisse la température de l'air à un point inférieur à 0 degré C.  3, record 14, French, - gel%C3%A9e%20de%20rayonnement

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] les gelées de rayonnement [...] sont caractérisées par un vent presque nul et un dépôt abondant de gelée blanche [...]  4, record 14, French, - gel%C3%A9e%20de%20rayonnement

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 2 CONT

On considère qu'il existe 3 types de gelées : Les gelées par advections ou gelées noires ou gelées de plein vent. [...] Les gelées blanches ou gelées par rayonnement. Elles se produisent surtout pendant certaines nuits claires de février ou mars et même éventuellement jusqu'au début mai et occasionnent de gros dégâts sur la floraison. [...] Les gelées par évaporation.  2, record 14, French, - gel%C3%A9e%20de%20rayonnement

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 OBS

gelée de rayonnement : Due aux pertes de chaleur par rayonnement terrestre.  5, record 14, French, - gel%C3%A9e%20de%20rayonnement

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Helada provocada por pérdidas de energía térmica debidas a la radiación, sobre todo en las noches de cielo despejado.  1, record 14, Spanish, - helada%20de%20radiaci%C3%B3n

Record 15,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The cold conditions can be explained by anomalous continental air advection.  1, record 15, English, - continental%20air%20advection

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En été les dépressions thermiques continentales favorisent l'arrivée sur les continents de masses d'air maritime très humide accompagnées de nuages abondants et de précipitations, souvent diluviennes, c'est la saison des pluies; en hiver au contraire, les hautes pressions qui s'établissent sur les continents entraînent l'advection d'air continental beaucoup plus sec, c'est la saison sèche.  1, record 15, French, - advection%20d%27air%20continental

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Inversion conditions occur :(a) at night near the ground during clear skies and light winds,(b) when there is warm air advection over cold bodies of water or melting snow surfaces,...(e) in the middle troposphere(at heights of 1 000 to 5 000 m) in warm subtropical anticyclones....  1, record 16, English, - middle%20troposphere

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

With regard to the Pacific side of the Arctic Basin, Overland et al.(1997) report that the position of the tropospheric cold pool is approximately centered over the Canadian Arctic and the Beaufort Sea, displaced from the North Pole by orographic effects of the North American mountain ranges. The result is advection of atmospheric heat and moisture into the Greenland and Barents seas, and the eastern Arctic. The position of this arctic cold pool in turn affects the position of the arctic front and the atmospheric circulation in the western Pacific.  1, record 17, English, - arctic%20cold%20pool

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 CONT

There are at least three distinct types of cold pool: 1. Large (in areal extent), slow-moving vortices at latitudes poleward of roughly 50deg N & S. They are often over, or immediately downwind of the source regions of polar or arctic air masses, in such areas as the Canadian Arctic or Siberian Russia. They take up the characteristics of quasi-permanent features, often appearing on monthly, or even seasonal average maps. The column of very cold (dense) air associated with this version of the cold pool, is reinforced by net outgoing radiation which produces a highly stable, bitterly cold near-surface environment, with a surface ridge or anticyclone on MSLP charts. 2. Once cold air from the source region as detailed in (1.) above is caught up in the circulation of mid-latitude depressions, the characteristics of the air mass are altered ... 3. A pool of cold air can also become "detached" at lower latitudes ...  2, record 17, English, - arctic%20cold%20pool

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

En 1992, deux auteurs anglais, Price et Vaughan, publièrent une étude statistique des gouttes froides, en séparant 3 types : les gouttes froides de type arctique, de type polaire et de type subtropicale, en fonction du courant-jet au voisinage duquel eut lieu le détachement stratosphérique.  1, record 17, French, - goutte%20froide

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish