TERMIUM Plus®
The Government of Canada’s terminology and linguistic data bank.
GLOBAL MEAN TEMPERATURE [10 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 2023-03-30
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Climatology
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- equilibrium climate sensitivity
1, record 1, English, equilibrium%20climate%20sensitivity
correct
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
- ECS 2, record 1, English, ECS
correct
Record 1, Synonyms, English
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The equilibrium climate sensitivity(ECS) refers to the equilibrium change in global mean near-surface air temperature that would result from a sustained doubling of the atmospheric(equivalent) carbon dioxide concentration. 3, record 1, English, - equilibrium%20climate%20sensitivity
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Climatologie
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- sensibilité du climat à l'équilibre
1, record 1, French, sensibilit%C3%A9%20du%20climat%20%C3%A0%20l%27%C3%A9quilibre
correct, feminine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
- sensibilité climatique d'équilibre 2, record 1, French, sensibilit%C3%A9%20climatique%20d%27%C3%A9quilibre
correct, feminine noun
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF
[...] réchauffement que provoquerait un doublement de la concentration atmosphérique de dioxyde de carbone, après stabilisation du climat. 2, record 1, French, - sensibilit%C3%A9%20du%20climat%20%C3%A0%20l%27%C3%A9quilibre
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 2023-03-27
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Climatology
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- climate sensitivity
1, record 2, English, climate%20sensitivity
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
... the change in the annual global mean surface temperature in response to a change in the atmospheric CO2 concentration or other radiative forcing. 2, record 2, English, - climate%20sensitivity
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Climatologie
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- sensibilité du climat
1, record 2, French, sensibilit%C3%A9%20du%20climat
correct, feminine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Variation annuelle de la température moyenne à la surface du globe en réaction à une variation de la concentration de CO2 dans l'atmosphère ou à un autre facteur de forçage radiatif. 2, record 2, French, - sensibilit%C3%A9%20du%20climat
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Climatología
Record 2, Main entry term, Spanish
- sensibilidad del clima
1, record 2, Spanish, sensibilidad%20del%20clima
correct, feminine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 2, Synonyms, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
Record 3 - internal organization data 2023-03-23
Record 3, English
Record 3, Subject field(s)
- Climatology
Record 3, Main entry term, English
- global mean temperature
1, record 3, English, global%20mean%20temperature
correct
Record 3, Abbreviations, English
Record 3, Synonyms, English
- global average temperature 2, record 3, English, global%20average%20temperature
correct
- global temperature 1, record 3, English, global%20temperature
correct
Record 3, Textual support, English
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Global temperature is a popular metric for summarizing the state of global climate. 3, record 3, English, - global%20mean%20temperature
Record 3, French
Record 3, Domaine(s)
- Climatologie
Record 3, Main entry term, French
- température moyenne mondiale
1, record 3, French, temp%C3%A9rature%20moyenne%20mondiale
correct, feminine noun
Record 3, Abbreviations, French
Record 3, Synonyms, French
- température mondiale 1, record 3, French, temp%C3%A9rature%20mondiale
correct, feminine noun
Record 3, Textual support, French
Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La température moyenne mondiale a déjà augmenté de 1,07 °C depuis 1850-1900, et chacune des quatre dernières décennies a été successivement plus chaude que sa précédente, et ce, depuis 1850. 2, record 3, French, - temp%C3%A9rature%20moyenne%20mondiale
Record 3, Spanish
Record 3, Textual support, Spanish
Record 4 - internal organization data 2023-02-22
Record 4, English
Record 4, Subject field(s)
- Atmospheric Physics
Record 4, Main entry term, English
- global mean surface air temperature
1, record 4, English, global%20mean%20surface%20air%20temperature
correct
Record 4, Abbreviations, English
- GSAT 1, record 4, English, GSAT
correct
Record 4, Synonyms, English
Record 4, Textual support, English
Record 4, French
Record 4, Domaine(s)
- Physique de l'atmosphère
Record 4, Main entry term, French
- température moyenne de l'air à la surface du globe
1, record 4, French, temp%C3%A9rature%20moyenne%20de%20l%27air%20%C3%A0%20la%20surface%20du%20globe
correct, feminine noun
Record 4, Abbreviations, French
Record 4, Synonyms, French
Record 4, Textual support, French
Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Moyenne mondiale de la température de l'air près de la surface des terres émergées et des océans. 2, record 4, French, - temp%C3%A9rature%20moyenne%20de%20l%27air%20%C3%A0%20la%20surface%20du%20globe
Record 4, Spanish
Record 4, Textual support, Spanish
Record 5 - internal organization data 2023-02-17
Record 5, English
Record 5, Subject field(s)
- Climatology
Record 5, Main entry term, English
- effective climate sensitivity
1, record 5, English, effective%20climate%20sensitivity
correct
Record 5, Abbreviations, English
Record 5, Synonyms, English
Record 5, Textual support, English
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
An estimate of the global mean surface temperature response to a doubling of the atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO2) concentration that is evaluated from model output or observations for evolving non-equilibrium conditions. 2, record 5, English, - effective%20climate%20sensitivity
Record 5, French
Record 5, Domaine(s)
- Climatologie
Record 5, Main entry term, French
- sensibilité effective du climat
1, record 5, French, sensibilit%C3%A9%20effective%20du%20climat
correct, feminine noun
Record 5, Abbreviations, French
Record 5, Synonyms, French
Record 5, Textual support, French
Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Estimation de la réponse de la température moyenne à la surface du globe à un doublement de la concentration de dioxyde de carbone atmosphérique, obtenue à partir de modèles ou d'observations pour des conditions évolutives qui ne sont pas à l'équilibre. 1, record 5, French, - sensibilit%C3%A9%20effective%20du%20climat
Record 5, Spanish
Record 5, Textual support, Spanish
Record 6 - internal organization data 2022-12-05
Record 6, English
Record 6, Subject field(s)
- Climatology
Record 6, Main entry term, English
- global mean surface temperature
1, record 6, English, global%20mean%20surface%20temperature
correct
Record 6, Abbreviations, English
- GMST 1, record 6, English, GMST
correct
Record 6, Synonyms, English
Record 6, Textual support, English
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The best-known indicator for tracking climate change is global mean surface temperature(GMST), estimated as the average(or mean) temperature for the world from measurements of sea surface temperatures and of near-surface air temperatures above the land. 1, record 6, English, - global%20mean%20surface%20temperature
Record 6, French
Record 6, Domaine(s)
- Climatologie
Record 6, Main entry term, French
- température moyenne à la surface du globe
1, record 6, French, temp%C3%A9rature%20moyenne%20%C3%A0%20la%20surface%20du%20globe
correct, feminine noun
Record 6, Abbreviations, French
- TMSG 1, record 6, French, TMSG
correct, feminine noun
Record 6, Synonyms, French
Record 6, Textual support, French
Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT
L'indicateur le plus connu pour suivre les changements climatiques est la température moyenne à la surface du globe (TMSG), estimée comme la température moyenne du monde à partir de mesures des températures à la surface des océans et des températures de l'air près de la surface au-dessus de la terre. 1, record 6, French, - temp%C3%A9rature%20moyenne%20%C3%A0%20la%20surface%20du%20globe
Record 6, Spanish
Record 6, Textual support, Spanish
Record 7 - internal organization data 2020-08-10
Record 7, English
Record 7, Subject field(s)
- Meteorological Forecasting, Data Measurement and Analysis
- Climate Change
Record 7, Main entry term, English
- global temperature change potential
1, record 7, English, global%20temperature%20change%20potential
correct
Record 7, Abbreviations, English
- GTP 1, record 7, English, GTP
correct
Record 7, Synonyms, English
Record 7, Textual support, English
Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF
... the change in global mean surface temperature at a chosen point in time in response to an emission pulse–relative to that of CO2. 1, record 7, English, - global%20temperature%20change%20potential
Record 7, French
Record 7, Domaine(s)
- Prévisions météorologiques et mesure et analyse des données
- Changements climatiques
Record 7, Main entry term, French
- température potentielle mondiale
1, record 7, French, temp%C3%A9rature%20potentielle%20mondiale
correct, feminine noun
Record 7, Abbreviations, French
- TPM 1, record 7, French, TPM
correct, feminine noun
Record 7, Synonyms, French
Record 7, Textual support, French
Record 7, Spanish
Record 7, Textual support, Spanish
Record 8 - internal organization data 2016-05-26
Record 8, English
Record 8, Subject field(s)
- Climatology
Record 8, Main entry term, English
- El Niño-Southern Oscillation
1, record 8, English, El%20Ni%C3%B1o%2DSouthern%20Oscillation
correct
Record 8, Abbreviations, English
- ENSO 2, record 8, English, ENSO
correct
Record 8, Synonyms, English
- Niño-Southern Oscillation 3, record 8, English, Ni%C3%B1o%2DSouthern%20Oscillation
correct
- Southern Oscillation-El Niño 4, record 8, English, Southern%20Oscillation%2DEl%20Ni%C3%B1o
correct
Record 8, Textual support, English
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon(a breakdown of the predominant pattern of easterly surface winds, westerly high-altitude winds and upwelling of cold water in the eastern Pacific) leads to a world-wide increase in storms and a temporary drop in global mean temperature. 1, record 8, English, - El%20Ni%C3%B1o%2DSouthern%20Oscillation
Record 8, French
Record 8, Domaine(s)
- Climatologie
Record 8, Main entry term, French
- El Niño-oscillation australe
1, record 8, French, El%20Ni%C3%B1o%2Doscillation%20australe
correct, masculine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, French
- ENSO 2, record 8, French, ENSO
correct, masculine noun
Record 8, Synonyms, French
- Oscillation méridionale El Niño 3, record 8, French, Oscillation%20m%C3%A9ridionale%20El%20Ni%C3%B1o
correct, feminine noun
Record 8, Textual support, French
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La compréhension de cet événement climatique important qu'est «El Niño-Oscillation Australe» passe par l'étude des observations recueillies depuis des décennies, par la mise en œuvre de modèles couplés océan-atmosphère plus sophistiqués que ceux disponibles à l'heure actuelle et enfin par le développement des observations de l'océan. 1, record 8, French, - El%20Ni%C3%B1o%2Doscillation%20australe
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Comme ce courant fait son apparition vers Noël, il a été nommé «El Niño» («l'enfant»). Certaines années, le réchauffement est plus important de l'ordre de 5-6 degrés C et les scientifiques réservent le nom de «El Niño» à ces événements d'amplitude exceptionnelle. 1, record 8, French, - El%20Ni%C3%B1o%2Doscillation%20australe
Record 8, Spanish
Record 8, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Climatología
Record 8, Main entry term, Spanish
- El Niño-Oscilación Austral
1, record 8, Spanish, El%20Ni%C3%B1o%2DOscilaci%C3%B3n%20Austral
correct, masculine noun
Record 8, Abbreviations, Spanish
- ENOA 1, record 8, Spanish, ENOA
correct, masculine noun
Record 8, Synonyms, Spanish
- El Niño Oscilación Meridional 2, record 8, Spanish, El%20Ni%C3%B1o%20Oscilaci%C3%B3n%20Meridional
correct, masculine noun
- ENOM 2, record 8, Spanish, ENOM
correct, masculine noun
- ENOM 2, record 8, Spanish, ENOM
Record 8, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT
El término "El Niño" se refería inicialmente a una corriente de aguas cálidas que discurre periódicamente a lo largo de la costa de Ecuador y Perú, alterando la pesquería local. Este fenómeno oceánico está asociado a cierta fluctuación de la pauta mundial de presiones en la superficie intertropical y de la circulación en los Océanos Pacífico e Índico, que se denomina ‘oscilación austral’. Este fenómeno atmósferaocéano acoplado es conocido como El Niño-Oscilación Austral (ENOA). 1, record 8, Spanish, - El%20Ni%C3%B1o%2DOscilaci%C3%B3n%20Austral
Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS
El Niño: La Fundación del Español Urgente (Fundéu BBVA), con el asesoramiento de la Real Academia Española, indica que el nombre "El Niño", que se aplica a un fenómeno climático que causa desastres en la costa americana del océano Pacífico, se escribe con mayúsculas iniciales y no necesita cursiva ni comillas. [...] El nombre español de "El Niño" está fijado convencionalmente para su uso internacional, y a diferencia de otros fenómenos atmosféricos como los huracanes incluye el artículo, por lo que este se escribe con mayúscula y no se contrae con las preposiciones a y de; por otra parte, la palabra fenómeno se escribe en minúscula, pues no es parte de su denominación, sino que tiene función meramente descriptiva. [...] El mismo criterio se aplica a la corriente de "El Niño", que tampoco necesita comillas ni cursiva y que se escribe con mayúsculas iniciales en "El Niño" [...] 3, record 8, Spanish, - El%20Ni%C3%B1o%2DOscilaci%C3%B3n%20Austral
Record 9 - internal organization data 2014-08-22
Record 9, English
Record 9, Subject field(s)
- Chemical Elements and Compounds
- Pollutants
Universal entry(ies) Record 9
Record 9, Main entry term, English
- dinitrogen oxide
1, record 9, English, dinitrogen%20oxide
correct, see observation
Record 9, Abbreviations, English
Record 9, Synonyms, English
- laughing gas 2, record 9, English, laughing%20gas
correct
- nitrogen(I) oxide 3, record 9, English, nitrogen%28I%29%20oxide
correct
- nitrous oxide 4, record 9, English, nitrous%20oxide
correct, standardized
- factitious air 5, record 9, English, factitious%20air
- dinitrogen monoxide 6, record 9, English, dinitrogen%20monoxide
correct, obsolete
- hyponitrous acid anhydride 6, record 9, English, hyponitrous%20acid%20anhydride
obsolete
- nitrogen hemioxyde 7, record 9, English, nitrogen%20hemioxyde
correct, obsolete
- nitrogen protoxyde 8, record 9, English, nitrogen%20protoxyde
correct, obsolete
Record 9, Textual support, English
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF
A chemical compound which appears under the form of a noncombustible, asphyxiating, colourless, sweet-tasting gas, is soluble in alcohol, ether, and concentrated sulfuric acid, is slightly soluble in water, is derived by thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate, controlled reduction of nitriles or nitrates, supports combustion, can form explosive mixture with air, narcotic in high concentration, and is used as an anesthetic in dentistry and surgery, a propellant gas in food aerosols, and for leak detection. 9, record 9, English, - dinitrogen%20oxide
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Nitrous oxide is destroyed by ultraviolet light and has a 150-year residence time in the atmosphere. Concentrations of nitrous oxide are increasing presently at about 0. 3%, or 0. 7 ppb [part per billion], per year. A 50% increase of the present concentration would raise the mean global temperature between 0. 2 and 0. 5 C. 10, record 9, English, - dinitrogen%20oxide
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS
dinitrogen oxide: form recommended by the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) for the systematic name corresponding to the CAS number indicated on the present record. 3, record 9, English, - dinitrogen%20oxide
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS
Chemical formula: N2O 9, record 9, English, - dinitrogen%20oxide
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 4 OBS
nitrous oxide: term standardized by Environment Canada and the Translation Bureau for use in the National Inventory Report. 11, record 9, English, - dinitrogen%20oxide
Record 9, French
Record 9, Domaine(s)
- Éléments et composés chimiques
- Agents de pollution
Entrée(s) universelle(s) Record 9
Record 9, Main entry term, French
- oxyde de diazote
1, record 9, French, oxyde%20de%20diazote
correct, see observation, masculine noun
Record 9, Abbreviations, French
Record 9, Synonyms, French
- gaz hilarant 2, record 9, French, gaz%20hilarant
correct, masculine noun
- oxyde d'azote(I) 3, record 9, French, oxyde%20d%27azote%28I%29
correct, masculine noun
- oxyde nitreux 4, record 9, French, oxyde%20nitreux
correct, masculine noun, standardized
- monoxyde de diazote 5, record 9, French, monoxyde%20de%20diazote
correct, masculine noun, obsolete
- anhydride hypo-azoteux 6, record 9, French, anhydride%20hypo%2Dazoteux
masculine noun, obsolete
- hémioxyde d'azote 7, record 9, French, h%C3%A9mioxyde%20d%27azote
correct, masculine noun, obsolete
- protoxyde d'azote 8, record 9, French, protoxyde%20d%27azote
correct, masculine noun, obsolete
- oxyde azoteux 6, record 9, French, oxyde%20azoteux
masculine noun, obsolete
Record 9, Textual support, French
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF
Gaz asphyxiant incolore, soluble dans l'alcool, peu soluble dans l'eau, utilisé notamment comme propulseur de denrées en aérosol (matières grasses, produits laitiers, etc.). 9, record 9, French, - oxyde%20de%20diazote
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Cet oxyde d'azote est [...] un des principaux gaz à effet de serre. 10, record 9, French, - oxyde%20de%20diazote
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS
oxyde de diazote : forme recommandée par l'UICPA (Union internationale de chimie pure et appliquée) pour le nom systématique correspondant au numéro CAS indiqué sur la présente fiche. 3, record 9, French, - oxyde%20de%20diazote
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 3 OBS
Formule chimique : N2O 11, record 9, French, - oxyde%20de%20diazote
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 4 OBS
oxyde nitreux : terme normalisé par Environnement Canada et le Bureau de la traduction dans le cadre du Rapport d'inventaire national. 12, record 9, French, - oxyde%20de%20diazote
Record 9, Spanish
Record 9, Campo(s) temático(s)
- Elementos y compuestos químicos
- Agentes contaminantes
Entrada(s) universal(es) Record 9
Record 9, Main entry term, Spanish
- óxido nitroso
1, record 9, Spanish, %C3%B3xido%20nitroso
correct, masculine noun
Record 9, Abbreviations, Spanish
Record 9, Synonyms, Spanish
- gas hilarante 2, record 9, Spanish, gas%20hilarante
correct, masculine noun
Record 9, Textual support, Spanish
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS
Gas incoloro no inflamable, soluble en alcohol y ácido sulfúrico concentrado. Ligeramente soluble en agua. Moderado riesgo de incendio. 3, record 9, Spanish, - %C3%B3xido%20nitroso
Record number: 9, Textual support number: 2 OBS
Fórmula química : N2O 3, record 9, Spanish, - %C3%B3xido%20nitroso
Record 10 - internal organization data 2001-07-26
Record 10, English
Record 10, Subject field(s)
- Scientific Measurements and Analyses
- Meteorology
- Plant and Crop Production
Record 10, Main entry term, English
- formula of Turc
1, record 10, English, formula%20of%20Turc
correct
Record 10, Abbreviations, English
Record 10, Synonyms, English
- Turc formula 1, record 10, English, Turc%20formula
correct
Record 10, Textual support, English
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT
... the moisture index-the difference between precipitation and potential evapotranspiration(PET), which is driven by topography-induced variability in radiation-gives an estimate of small-scale water availability. Monthly PET is calculated with the formula of Turc(1961) :... where T=monthly mean temperature(°C) and Rs=mean global radiation(cal/cm2). 1, record 10, English, - formula%20of%20Turc
Record 10, Key term(s)
- Turc’s formula
- Turc empirical formula
- Turc’s empirical formula
Record 10, French
Record 10, Domaine(s)
- Mesures et analyse (Sciences)
- Météorologie
- Cultures (Agriculture)
Record 10, Main entry term, French
- formule de Turc
1, record 10, French, formule%20de%20Turc
correct, feminine noun
Record 10, Abbreviations, French
Record 10, Synonyms, French
Record 10, Textual support, French
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Pour modéliser l'évapotranspiration réelle il a fallut passer par plusieurs étapes : - distribuer l'évapotranspiration potentielle en utilisant la formule de Turc (basée sur T [la température] et le rayonnement solaire), - appliquer un facteur de correction pour tenir compte du type de végétation et de son état de développement, - appliquer un autre facteur correctif pour tenir compte des réserves en eau dans le sol. 2, record 10, French, - formule%20de%20Turc
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 2 CONT
On calcule plutôt l'évapotranspiration à l'aide de formules empiriques comme celle de Thornthwaite, de Penman ou de Turc. On distingue l'évapotranspiration potentielle (ETP) qui est le pouvoir évaporant de l'atmosphère sur un sol avec couvert végétal disposant de l'eau en abondance. L'évapotranspiration réelle (ETR) correspond à la perte en eau d'un sol quand l'eau vient à manquer: l'ETR est fonction de l'ETP et de la quantité d'eau présente dans le sol. 3, record 10, French, - formule%20de%20Turc
Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS
La formule de Turc a été établi à l'échelle des bassins versants : elle est valable dans ce cadre et pour des échelles de temps de l'ordre de la décade ou du mois. 4, record 10, French, - formule%20de%20Turc
Record 10, Spanish
Record 10, Textual support, Spanish
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