TERMIUM Plus^®

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... when account must be taken of conduct by more actors than a single plaintiff and single defendant; of different degrees of blameworthiness; of the effects on parties with derivative claims; or different tort claims(e. g. strict liability, negligence and intent) against different defendants in the same case. Apportionment of liability applies to all claims(including law suits and settlements) for death, personal injury(including emotional distress or consortium), or physical damage to tangible property damage, regardless of the basis of liability.  2, fiche 1, Anglais, - apportionment%20of%20liability

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 1,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The ability to see or know in advance; hence, the reasonable anticipation that harm or injury is a likely result to acts or omissions.  2, fiche 2, Anglais, - foreseeability

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There are many situations in which the law still denies its aid to casualties or negligence despite foreseeability of harm.  3, fiche 2, Anglais, - foreseeability

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

A concept used in various areas of the law to limit the lia bility of a party for the consequences of his acts to the consequences that are within the scope of a foreseeable risk, i.e. a risk whose consequences a person of ordinary prudence would reasonably expect might occur as a result of his actions.  4, fiche 2, Anglais, - foreseeability

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

prévisibilité : terme emprunté au droit civil.  2, fiche 2, Français, - pr%C3%A9visibilit%C3%A9

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 2 OBS

prévisibilité : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 2, Français, - pr%C3%A9visibilit%C3%A9

Fiche 2,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In actions for breach of statutory duty no less than for common law negligence, it is incumbent on a claimant to prove on a balance of probabilities that his injury would not have happened but for the defendant's transgression.  2, fiche 3, Anglais, - statutory%20duty

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 OBS

obligation d'origine législative : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 3, Français, - obligation%20d%27origine%20l%C3%A9gislative

Fiche 3,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Negligent conduct that, while not intentional, involves a disregard of the consequences likely to result from one’s actions.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - culpable%20negligence

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Negligence in law ranges from inadvertence that is hardly more than accidental to sinful disregard of the safety of others.  2, fiche 4, Anglais, - culpable%20negligence

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

négligence coupable : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 4, Français, - n%C3%A9gligence%20coupable

Fiche 4,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Liability under Rylands v. Fletcher is excluded, if the escape was due to the deliberate act of a stranger which could not reasonably have been anticipated.... To be a defence, the stranger's interference must have been "a conscious act of volition", deliberate or intentional, and not merely negligent, because it appears that the owner of a dangerous thing is bound to guard others against the negligence of third parties(Fleming, The Law of Torts, 5e éd., p. 331)  2, fiche 5, Anglais, - stranger

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

étranger, étrangère : termes normalisés par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 5, Français, - %C3%A9tranger

Fiche 5,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

No other court has endorsed the... decision to take the issue of medical negligence away from the jury and to rule, without the benefit of expert testimony, that a customary practice is negligent as a matter of law.  3, fiche 6, Anglais, - customary%20practice

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

pratique habituelle : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la Justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 6, Français, - pratique%20habituelle

Fiche 6,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A concept in the law of torts regarding the circumstances in which a manufacturer who designs and puts a product on the market is liable to the ultimate consumer to ensure that the goods so marketed are free from defects arising from negligence or lack of care on the part of the manufacturer.  2, fiche 7, Anglais, - products%20liability

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 OBS

responsabilité du fait des produits : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 7, Français, - responsabilit%C3%A9%20du%20fait%20des%20produits

Fiche 7,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the law of intentional wrongs developed principally within the frame of the old action of trespass, with its notion of prima facie liability for faultless causation, while the law of negligence emerged through the action on the case where fault was from the start a necessary element of liability.  2, fiche 8, Anglais, - faultless%20causation

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 OBS

causalité sans faute : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 8, Français, - causalit%C3%A9%20sans%20faute

Fiche 8,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... statutes imposing an obligation of care for the safety of a particular class of persons may be intended to protect them against their own inability to protect themselves ...  3, fiche 9, Anglais, - duty%20of%20care

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

One person who has harmed another is legally liable to him on the ground of negligence only if the court holds that the defendant had in the circumstances owed the plaintiff a legal duty of care, not to have done or allowed to happen the acts which caused the harm, and had in the circumstances failed to implement the duty by not taking the kind and standard of care and precautions required by law.  4, fiche 9, Anglais, - duty%20of%20care

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Relativement à une réclamation fondée sur la négligence, la question du consentement éclairé à un traitement est concomitante de l'obligation de diligence du médecin.  2, fiche 9, Français, - obligation%20de%20diligence

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 OBS

obligation de diligence : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, fiche 9, Français, - obligation%20de%20diligence

Fiche 9,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The standard according to which negligence in a particular situation is determined.  2, fiche 10, Anglais, - standard%20of%20care

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

No court in a negligence action can escape a decision about whether or not the defendant's conduct breached the standard of care fixed by the law.  3, fiche 10, Anglais, - standard%20of%20care

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 OBS

norme de diligence : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 10, Français, - norme%20de%20diligence

Fiche 10,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

... a plaintiff’s failure to meet the standard of care to which he is required to conform for his own protection, and which is a legally contributing cause, together with the defendant’s default, in bringing about his injury.  2, fiche 11, Anglais, - contributory%20negligence

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

In Canadian law, it was formerly a complete defence to an action for damages arising from the defendant's negligence. It is not longer a complete defense. In American law, it is still a complete defence, but has been replaced by comparative negligence in many states.  3, fiche 11, Anglais, - contributory%20negligence

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[...] moyen de défense qui permet au défendeur d'obtenir une réduction du montant de dommages-intérêts qui est proportionnelle à la négligence de la victime.  2, fiche 11, Français, - n%C3%A9gligence%20de%20la%20victime

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Si, selon le contexte, il est préférable d'être plus précis, on peut choisir l'expression «négligence concourante de la victime».  2, fiche 11, Français, - n%C3%A9gligence%20de%20la%20victime

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 2 OBS

négligence de la victime : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, fiche 11, Français, - n%C3%A9gligence%20de%20la%20victime

Fiche 11,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An American law term referring to a plaintiff's own negligence that proportionally reduces the damages recoverable from a defendant.  2, fiche 12, Anglais, - comparative%20negligence

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Under comparative negligence statutes or doctrines, negligence is measured in terms of percentage, and any damages allowed shall be diminished in proportion to amount of negligence attributable to the person for whose injury, damage or death recovery is sought. Many states have replaced contributory negligence acts or doctrines with comparative negligence.  3, fiche 12, Anglais, - comparative%20negligence

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

En droit américain, ce terme désigne un moyen de défense qui permet au défendeur d'obtenir une réduction du montant des dommages-intérêts qui est proportionnelle à la négligence de la victime.  2, fiche 12, Français, - n%C3%A9gligence%20proportionnelle

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 OBS

négligence proportionnelle : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, fiche 12, Français, - n%C3%A9gligence%20proportionnelle

Fiche 12,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

In tort law, a legally sanctioned obligation the breach of which results in the liability of the person owing the duty.  2, fiche 13, Anglais, - duty

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Negligence is no source of liability, unless the law exacts a "duty" in the circumstances to observe care. "Duty" may therefore be defined as an obligation, recognized by law, to conform to a particular standard of conduct, for the protection of others against unreasonable risks.  3, fiche 13, Anglais, - duty

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Duty used in its narrow sense.  4, fiche 13, Anglais, - duty

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

It describes here a duty, the breach of which constitutes a tort.  5, fiche 13, Anglais, - duty

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Sens strict. On emploie ce terme surtout lorsque l'obligation est à caractère moral ou social.  2, fiche 13, Français, - devoir

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 2 OBS

devoir : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 13, Français, - devoir

Fiche 13,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

A reasonable, prudent person must be able to foresee the injury or harm in order to conform to the duty of care recognized by law. It is not necessary to prove that the very injury which occurred must have been foreseeable by the coach in order to establish that his conduct constituted negligence...  2, fiche 14, Anglais, - foresee%20the%20injury

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 14,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 15, Textual support number: 1 CONT

There is every indication that similar tendencies exist in Canadian negligence law and that similar developments will occur in the future in Canada as well.  2, fiche 15, Anglais, - Canadian%20negligence%20law

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 15,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The standard of care adopted by negligence law is an objective one. The courts utilize the fictional reasonable person to assist them in the task of evaluation. The words "fault" and "blame" are employed, but there is no moral opprobrium attached to this language as there is in the criminal law. These terms have acquired a special meaning in negligence law which varies in accordance with the class of defendant involved.  1, fiche 16, Anglais, - blame

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 16, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La norme de conduite raisonnable retenue par le droit de la négligence est une norme objective et non subjective. Les tribunaux recourent au critère fictif de la personne raisonnable pour s'acquitter de cette tâche. Ils emploient les termes «faute» et «blâme», mais ceux-ci ne comportent pas de connotation morale négative, comme c'est le cas en droit pénal. Ces termes ont acquis un sens spécial dans le contexte du droit de la négligence, sens qui varie en fonction des catégories de défendeurs.  2, fiche 16, Français, - bl%C3%A2me

Fiche 16,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Negligence is commonly defined to include both acts and omissions involving an unreasonable risk of harm... In some respects, however, it is still important to advert to the distinction, deeply rooted in the common law, between misfeasance and nonfeasance, between active misconduct working positive steps to benefit others or to protect them from some impending harm.  1, fiche 17, Anglais, - active%20misconduct

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The early common law furnished redress only for injury wrought directly by affirmative misconduct ... Inaction was too remote a focus for imposing legal responsibility.  1, fiche 17, Anglais, - active%20misconduct

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 17,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 18, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Even at common law contributory negligence was not a defence to all torts. Thus it did not apply to intended injury as distinct from unintended consequences of wilful wrongdoing.  1, fiche 18, Anglais, - wilful%20wrongdoing

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 18,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The common law doctrine of scienter differs from negligence in that if the conditions for scienter are found, the liability is absolute and does not depend upon proof of negligence.  1, fiche 19, Anglais, - doctrine%20of%20scienter

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Scienter. A mental state consisting in an intent to deceive, manipulate, or fraud.  2, fiche 19, Anglais, - doctrine%20of%20scienter

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 2 OBS

Scienter is a legal term that refers to intent or knowledge of wrongdoing. This means that an offending party has knowledge of the "wrongness" of an act or event prior to committing it.  3, fiche 19, Anglais, - doctrine%20of%20scienter

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Attendu que pour débouter le salarié de sa demande en dommages-intérêts pour préjudice moral, l'arrêt retient que le fait de n'avoir pas vu le contrat de travail à durée déterminée renouvelé à son terme ne peut pas caractériser une intention fautive de l'employeur ou une volonté de causer un préjudice au salarié concerné.  2, fiche 19, Français, - th%C3%A9orie%20d%27intention%20fautive

Fiche 19,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Nature of a "devastavit". A personal representative in accepting the office accepts the duties of the office, and becomes a trustee in the sense that he is personally liable in equity for all breaches of the ordinary trusts which in courts of equity are considered to arise from his office. The violation of his duties of administration is termed a "devastavit"; this term is applicable not only to a misuse by the representative of the deceased's effects, as by spending or converting them to his own use, but also to acts of maladministration or negligence.(Halsbury's Law of England, 4th ed., v. 17, p. 786)  1, fiche 20, Anglais, - devastavit

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 OBS

dégradation d'héritage : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation dans le cadre du Programme national de l'administration de la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 20, Français, - d%C3%A9gradation%20d%27h%C3%A9ritage

Fiche 20,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 21, Textual support number: 1 CONT

For, even if there is sufficient evidence for a finding of negligence against the defendant, the court may still keep the case from the jury on the ground that, as a matter of law, there was no duty incumbent on the defendant to exercise care....  2, fiche 21, Anglais, - duty%20to%20take%20care

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 21,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 CONT

But being based on the pretence that the civil claim is creature of the statute, the cause of action-"breach of the statutory duty"-is classified as distinct from any(often concurrent) claim for negligence(i. e. breach of common law duty). For whenever a penal statute lays down a standard of conduct for the purpose of preventing injury or loss, non-compliance is at least admissible as evidence of negligence(breach of the common law duty to take care).  2, fiche 22, Anglais, - common%20law%20duty

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 22,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A breach of the standard of care resulting in the patient suffering a harm with quantifiable damages.  2, fiche 23, Anglais, - medical%20negligence

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the law has striven to provide several safeguards... against facile findings of medical negligence.  3, fiche 23, Anglais, - medical%20negligence

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Il faut disposer de fonds pour indemniser les personnes victimes de négligence médicale. Jusqu'à présent, les fonds consacrés à l'indemnisation des patients dans le cadre de poursuites médicales au Canada proviennent principalement de l'[Association canadienne de protection médicale].  2, fiche 23, Français, - n%C3%A9gligence%20m%C3%A9dicale

Record number: 23, Textual support number: 1 OBS

négligence médicale : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  3, fiche 23, Français, - n%C3%A9gligence%20m%C3%A9dicale

Fiche 23,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 24,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In theory, the common law of torts adheres to a single standard of care and refuses to recognize different degrees of negligence.... But although unfamiliar with different degrees of negligence, we do acknowledge different degrees of care.... A reasonable man need not show the same anxious care when handling a pound of butter as he would a pound of dynamite.  2, fiche 24, Anglais, - degree%20of%20negligence

Fiche 24,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 24, Textual support number: 1 OBS

degré de négligence : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à la justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 24, Français, - degr%C3%A9%20de%20n%C3%A9gligence

Fiche 24,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 25,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In the law of negligence, the amount of care demanded by the standard of reasonable conduct must be in proportion to the apparent risk. As the danger becomes greater, the actor is required to exercise caution commensurate with it.  3, fiche 25, Anglais, - care

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The lack of care essential to the establishment of such a claim increases according to the danger to the ultimate consumer, and where the thing is in itself dangerous, the care necessary, approximates to, and almost becomes, an absolute liability.  4, fiche 25, Anglais, - care

Fiche 25,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 25, Textual support number: 1 OBS

diligence : terme normalisé par le Comité de normalisation, Promotion de l'accès à justice dans les deux langues officielles (PAJLO).  2, fiche 25, Français, - diligence

Fiche 25,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Adjudicators are not to have reference to case law on vicarious liability or negligence.  1, fiche 26, Anglais, - case%20law%20on%20negligence

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 26, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les adjudicateurs ne doivent pas s'appuyer sur la jurisprudence en responsabilité du fait d'autrui ou négligence.  1, fiche 26, Français, - jurisprudence%20en%20n%C3%A9gligence

Fiche 26,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Adjudicators are not to have reference to case law on vicarious liability or negligence.  1, fiche 27, Anglais, - case%20law%20on%20vicarious%20liability

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 27, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les adjudicateurs ne doivent pas s'appuyer sur la jurisprudence en responsabilité du fait d'autrui ou négligence.  1, fiche 27, Français, - jurisprudence%20en%20responsabilit%C3%A9%20du%20fait%20d%27autrui

Fiche 27,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 28, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Every person is expected to conduct themselves without injuring others. When they do cause injury to others, either intentionally or by negligence, they can be required by a court to pay money to the injured party("damages") so that, ultimately, they will suffer the pain caused by their action. Compensation is probably the most important social role of tort law.  2, fiche 28, Anglais, - cause%20injury%20to

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 28,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Economic and financial interests have not been afforded the full protection of negligence law. Indeed there are some who contend that there was, is, and should remain a rule of non-liability in cases of pure financial loss. Others attack such a no-duty rule as "capricious, illogical and of doubtful historical validity,...  1, fiche 29, Anglais, - no%2Dduty%20rule

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les intérêts pécuniaires ou financiers ne bénéficient pas de toute la protection du droit de la négligence. Il en est même qui soutiennent que l'irresponsabilité a toujours été la règle en matière de simple préjudice financier, et devrait continuer de l'être. D'autres considèrent par contre comme "fantaisiste, illogique et reposant sur un fondement historique contestable" cette règle d'absence de devoir.  1, fiche 29, Français, - r%C3%A8gle%20d%27absence%20de%20devoir

Record number: 29, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fiche terminologique en droit de la responsabilité délictuelle fournie par le centre de traduction et de documentation juridique de l'Université d'Ottawa.  2, fiche 29, Français, - r%C3%A8gle%20d%27absence%20de%20devoir

Fiche 29,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 30, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... whenever a penal statute lays down a standard of conduct for the purpose of preventing injury of loss, non-compliance is at least admissible as evidence of negligence(breach of the common law duty to take care). Indeed, not infrequently the unexcused violation of a safety statute is treated as negligence per se, i. e. negligence as a matter of law. Non-observance of such duty is then "statutorily equivalent to negligence" and commonly described as "statutory negligence".  1, fiche 30, Anglais, - statutory%20negligence

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 30,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 31,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... knowledge of the risk bars recovery only when the giving of notice would have discharged the occupier's duty.... This approach in effect seeks to realign the responsibility of invitors with the general law of negligence by demanding from them no more and no less than from anyone else responsible for safeguarding others against recognizable risks.  1, fiche 31, Anglais, - recognizable%20risk

Record number: 31, Textual support number: 2 CONT

The gravity, frequency and imminence of the recognizable risk are among the most important factors for consideration .... There must be a recognizable risk of injury sufficient to cause a reasonable man to pause.  1, fiche 31, Anglais, - recognizable%20risk

Fiche 31,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 31,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 32,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 32, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In theory, the common law of torts adheres to a single standard of care and refuses to recognize different degrees of negligence.... This viewpoint stands in contrast to the criminal law which regards "negligent" and "reckless" driving as distinct offences.... A number of jurisdictions in Canada... has borrowed this idea and introduced it into the sphere of tort liability, for example by relieving the driver of a car from liability to gratuitous passengers except in the case of "gross" negligence or "wilful", "wanton" or "reckless" misconduct.  1, fiche 32, Anglais, - reckless%20misconduct

Fiche 32,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 32,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 33,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the shipowner is debarred as a matter of law from relying on an exception unless he proves absence of negligence on his part. But he does have to prove that the damage was caused by an excepted peril or excepted cause...  2, fiche 33, Anglais, - excepted%20peril

Record number: 33, Textual support number: 1 OBS

perils of the sea.  3, fiche 33, Anglais, - excepted%20peril

Fiche 33,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 33,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 34,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 34, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The foundation of a cause of damage by collision is the negligence of the defendant vessel, and under the Canada Shipping Act, there is no difference between the rules of law and of admiralty as to what amounts to negligence causing collision...  1, fiche 34, Anglais, - negligence%20causing%20collision

Fiche 34,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 34,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 35,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... Rylands v. Fletcher is but a branch of the wider principle of nuisance, which regulates the mutual duties of neighbouring occupiers and leaves to the law of negligence the responsibilities of an occupier to persons who suffer injury on his premises.  1, fiche 35, Anglais, - neighbouring%20occupiers

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

term rarely used in the singular  2, fiche 35, Anglais, - neighbouring%20occupiers

Fiche 35,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 35, Textual support number: 1 OBS

terme rarement utilisé au singulier  2, fiche 35, Français, - occupants%20voisins

Fiche 35,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 36,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... This chapter will examine the law of sales to the extent that it is available to an injured consumer. It will then consider the role of negligence law in supplying reparation to persons hurt by defective products.  2, fiche 36, Anglais, - defective%20product

Fiche 36,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] Le présent chapitre traite en premier lieu du droit de la vente, dans la mesure où la victime peut y avoir recours. Nous examinerons ensuite la place que tient la notion de négligence dans le dédommagement de la victime d'un produit vicié.  2, fiche 36, Français, - produit%20d%C3%A9fectueux

Record number: 36, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fiche terminologique en droit de la responsabilité délictuelle fournie par le centre de traduction et de documentation juridique de l'Université d'Ottawa.  3, fiche 36, Français, - produit%20d%C3%A9fectueux

Fiche 36,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 37,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 37, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The elements of the cause of action for negligence may... be itemized as follows : 1. A duty, recognized by law, requiring conformity to a certain standard of conduct for the protection of others against unreasonable risks. This is commonly known as the "duty issue".  1, fiche 37, Anglais, - duty%20issue

Fiche 37,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 37,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 38,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 38, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Reluctant as we have seen the common law to be in protecting economic interests against negligence, our legal tradition has displayed no similar coyness in furnishing legal sanctions against conduct deliberately aimed at impairing advantageous relations or causing other kinds of financial loss.  2, fiche 38, Anglais, - economic%20interest

Fiche 38,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 38,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 39,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Quasi-delict is a French legal term used in some civil law jurisdictions, encompassing the common-law concept of negligence as the breach of a non-wilful extra-contractual obligation to third parties.  3, fiche 39, Anglais, - quasi%2Ddelict

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Quasi-offense is used in the civil law of Louisiana (USA).  3, fiche 39, Anglais, - quasi%2Ddelict

Fiche 39,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Fait illicite et dommageable ayant le caractère d'une faute d'imprudence ou de négligence.  3, fiche 39, Français, - quasi%2Dd%C3%A9lit

Record number: 39, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Le code civil [du Québec] a fait l'objet d'un remaniement complet en 1994 et plusieurs concepts ont été changés ou remplacés. [...] Les concepts de délit et quasi-délit / offenses and quasi-offenses ont aussi été remplacés par le concept de responsabilité civile extracontractuelle / extracontractual civil liability.  4, fiche 39, Français, - quasi%2Dd%C3%A9lit

Fiche 39,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 40,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 40, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... in civil law systems authors describe negligence as a variation of the concept of fault(involuntary fault).  4, fiche 40, Anglais, - involuntary%20fault

Fiche 40,  Justifications,  Français

Fiche 40,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 41,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 CONT

In actions for breach of statutory duty no less than for common law negligence, it is incumbent on a claimant to prove on a balance of probabilities that his injury would not have happened but for the defendant's transgression.  1, fiche 41, Anglais, - common%20law%20negligence

Fiche 41,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 41, Textual support number: 1 OBS

négligence de common law : terme recommandé par le Conseil de Traduction et de terminologie juridiques de l'Université de Moncton.  2, fiche 41, Français, - n%C3%A9gligence%20de%20common%20law

Fiche 41,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 42,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

If the carrier proves that the damage was caused by or contributed to by the negligence of the injured person the Court may, in accordance with the provisions of its own law, exonerate the carrier wholly or partly from his liability.  1, fiche 42, Anglais, - exonerate%20partly%20from%20liability

Fiche 42,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 42, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans le cas où le transporteur fait preuve que la faute de la personne lésée a causé le dommage ou y a contribué, le tribunal pourra, conformément aux dispositions de sa propre loi, écarter ou atténuer la responsabilité du transporteur.  1, fiche 42, Français, - att%C3%A9nuer%20la%20responsabilit%C3%A9

Fiche 42,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 43,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

If the carrier proves that the damage was caused by or contributed to by the negligence of the injured person the Court may, in accordance with the provisions of its own law, exonerate the carrier wholly or partly from his liability.  1, fiche 43, Anglais, - exonerate%20wholly%20from%20liability

Fiche 43,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 43, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Dans le cas où le transporteur fait preuve que la faute de la personne lésée a causé le dommage ou y a contribué, le tribunal pourra, conformément aux dispositions de sa propre loi, écarter ou atténuer la responsabilité du transporteur.  1, fiche 43, Français, - %C3%A9carter%20la%20responsabilit%C3%A9

Fiche 43,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Fiche 44,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

contributory negligence : In law, behaviour that contributes to one's own injury or loss and fails to meet the standard of prudence that one should observe for one's own good. Contributory negligence of the plaintiff is frequently pleaded in defense to a charge of negligence.  2, fiche 44, Anglais, - distribution%20of%20contributory%20negligence

Fiche 44,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 CONT

On craindrait avec raison que la république, avant d'avoir porté son gouvernement à sa perfection, ne fût détournée de ses affaires domestiques par des guerres considérables, si la fortune qui veille à son sort ne faisait une compensation des fautes du sénat et des tribunes.  2, fiche 44, Français, - compensation%20de%20fautes

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Source historique et par conséquent on y trouve parfois des termes ou des tournures d'ancien français.  3, fiche 44, Français, - compensation%20de%20fautes

Fiche 44,  Justifications,  Espagnol

Record number: 44, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Valoración de la culpa concurrente de la víctima para determinar la del causante del daño.  1, fiche 44, Espagnol, - compensaci%C3%B3n%20de%20culpas

Fiche 45,  Justifications,  Anglais

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The police acted on insufficient evidence. Since no one must "submit to restraint on his freedom unless he knows the reason why that restraint should be imposed", the boys had the right, in the circumstances, to resist the officers. Policemen are similarly limited by the law of negligence in the way they may conduct a chase or use their firearms.  1, fiche 45, Anglais, - law%20of%20negligence

Fiche 45,  Justifications,  Français

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La police avait agi sans preuve suffisante. Puisque nul ne doit "subir d'entraves à sa liberté à moins d'en connaître la raison", les adolescents avaient le droit, dans les circonstances, de résister à l'agent. Les règles de droit relatives à la négligence imposent aussi aux agents certaines restrictions quant à leur façon de poursuivre des individus ou d'utiliser leurs armes à feu.  1, fiche 45, Français, - r%C3%A8gles%20de%20droit%20relatives%20%C3%A0%20n%C3%A9gligence

Record number: 45, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Fiche terminologique en droit de la responsabilité délictuelle fournie par le Centre de traduction et de documentation juridique de l'Université d'Ottawa.  2, fiche 45, Français, - r%C3%A8gles%20de%20droit%20relatives%20%C3%A0%20n%C3%A9gligence

Fiche 45,  Justifications,  Espagnol